Relativism
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Relativism refers to any of several similar philosophical concepts:
- Moral relativism
- holds that "moral or ethical propositions do not reflect objective and/or universal moral truths, but instead make claims relative to social, cultural, historical or personal circumstances."[1] It is in opposition to moral absolutism.
- Cultural relativism
- is the methodological principle in anthropology that "an [individual's] beliefs and activities should be interpreted in terms of his or her own culture."[2]
- Cognitive relativism (or epistemological relativism)
- "claims the truth or falsity of a statement is relative to a social group or individual."[3]
- Aesthetic relativism
- is an aesthetic philosophy that "the judgement of beauty is relative to individuals, cultures, time periods and contexts, and that there are no universal criteria of beauty."[4] (Somewhat less controversial than the other three.)
Because of the similar sounding name, Einstein's (completely unrelated) theory of relativity can sometimes be confused with these more-controversial philosophical positions.
