Habitable zone

In astronomy, a habitable zone is a region in space around a star that allows for liquid water on the surface, which establishes favorable conditions either for the emergence of native life via abiogenesis or for transplanted terrestrial life to live in. These zones are usually a region of space described between two circles or spheres in which a planet, asteroid belt, or space station may orbit through. The margin of space between these two circles or spheres may vary in thickness and distance from the host star depending on the size, type, and age of the star, as well as the size and type of planet. This is also commonly known as the "Goldilocks zone" because it has conditions which are "just right" for life.

Arguments
A less sophisticated version of the fine tuning argument or anthropic principle is as follows
 * If the Earth were just a few miles further away from the sun, it would be too cold for life to exist, and if the earth were just a few miles closer to the sun, it would be too hot for life to exist. Surely you can see the intelligent design in that!

Counter-arguments
The fallacy is applying life as-we-know-it to a theoretical world with significantly different environmental characteristics. Life on earth is well adapted to the conditions on Earth. If those conditions had differed, even slightly, life as-we-know-it would not be possible. The key phrase is "as-we-know-it". Compare Antarctica to the Sahara. These are some of the most extreme environments on earth, and yet we discover life forms in both of them. Bacteria and microorganisms thrive in even more diverse environments - in sulfur ponds and surrounding volcanic vents, for example.